What structure acts as a protective flap over the larynx during swallowing?

The epiglottis is the structure that acts as a protective flap over the larynx during swallowing. Located at the base of the tongue, the epiglottis serves a critical role in directing food and liquid away from the airway and into the esophagus. When a person swallows, the epiglottis folds down over the larynx, preventing any food or liquid from entering the trachea, which could lead to choking or aspiration. This mechanism helps to ensure that the airway remains clear while allowing for safe swallowing.