What is croup characterized by?

Croup is primarily characterized by a distinctive "seal bark" type of cough, which is often described as a harsh, barking sound. This symptom is a result of inflammation in the upper airway, typically caused by viral infections such as parainfluenza virus. The inflammation narrows the airway, leading to the characteristic cough.

The "seal bark" cough is particularly notable because it can be alarming and is often accompanied by other symptoms like stridor (a high-pitched wheezing sound, especially when inhaling) and difficulty breathing, particularly during nighttime. Recognizing this cough is crucial for caregivers to differentiate croup from other respiratory illnesses that may present with different cough sounds or symptoms. Understanding these characteristics can help in the early recognition and management of croup, enabling appropriate care and interventions.